majority government · Boris Johnson, Liz Truss, Rishi Sunak

Conservative 2019–2024 government

What the official statistics did while this government was in office. The first column is the level when the government took office, taken from the last complete statistical period before 13 December 2019. The latest column is the last complete period before 5 July 2024. Changes describe the period; they do not attribute cause.

13 December 2019
to 5 July 2024

Crime

MetricLevel when government took officeLatestChange during government
Police-recorded crime (excluding fraud)ONS · offences5,266,025Year ending March 20195,402,860Year ending March 2024 2.6%+136,835 · 5 periods
Violence against the person (police-recorded)ONS · offences1,673,441Year ending March 20192,014,005Year ending March 2024 20.4%+340,564 · 5 periods
Homicide (police-recorded)ONS · offences673Year ending March 2019567Year ending March 2024 15.8%106 · 5 periods
Sexual offences (police-recorded)ONS · offences164,393Year ending March 2019188,702Year ending March 2024 14.8%+24,309 · 5 periods
Robbery (police-recorded)ONS · offences85,936Year ending March 201981,023Year ending March 2024 5.7%4,913 · 5 periods
Theft offences (police-recorded)ONS · offences2,013,578Year ending March 20191,780,309Year ending March 2024 11.6%233,269 · 5 periods
Residential burglary (police-recorded)ONS · offences295,081Year ending March 2019182,924Year ending March 2024 38.0%112,157 · 5 periods
Vehicle offences (police-recorded)ONS · offences467,229Year ending March 2019379,861Year ending March 2024 18.7%87,368 · 5 periods
Criminal damage and arson (police-recorded)ONS · offences573,207Year ending March 2019496,393Year ending March 2024 13.4%76,814 · 5 periods
Drug offences (police-recorded)ONS · offences154,382Year ending March 2019182,899Year ending March 2024 18.5%+28,517 · 5 periods
Possession of weapons (police-recorded)ONS · offences46,493Year ending March 201958,325Year ending March 2024 25.4%+11,832 · 5 periods
Public order offences (police-recorded)ONS · offences449,348Year ending March 2019486,497Year ending March 2024 8.3%+37,149 · 5 periods
Crime Survey estimate of all crime (including fraud)ONS · incidents11,207,000Year ending March 20198,787,000Year ending March 2024 21.6%2,420,000 · 3 periods
Crime Survey estimate of all crime (excluding fraud)ONS · incidents6,431,000Year ending March 20194,589,000Year ending March 2024 28.6%1,842,000 · 3 periods
Crime Survey estimate of violenceONS · incidents1,344,000Year ending March 20191,125,000Year ending March 2024 16.3%219,000 · 3 periods
Crime Survey estimate of theftONS · incidents3,750,000Year ending March 20192,686,000Year ending March 2024 28.4%1,064,000 · 3 periods
Offences involving a knife or sharp instrumentONS · offencesNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Arrests for notifiable offencesHome Office · arrests685,176Year ending March 2019721,103Year ending March 2024 5.2%+35,927 · 5 periods
Police use of force reportsHome Office · reportsNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Crimes recorded by the police in ScotlandScottish Government · crimes305,699Year ending March 2019299,790Year ending March 2024 1.9%5,909 · 5 periods
Crimes and offences recorded in Scotland per 10,000 peopleScottish Government · per 10,000 population566.9Year ending March 2019544.5Year ending March 2024 4.0%22.5 · 5 periods
Crimes recorded by the police in Northern IrelandPolice Service of Northern Ireland · crimes100,841Year ending March 2019104,201Year ending March 2024 3.3%+3,360 · 5 periods
Crimes recorded in Northern Ireland per 1,000 peoplePolice Service of Northern Ireland · per 1,000 population53Year ending March 201954Year ending March 2024 1.9%+1 · 5 periods
Magistrates' court open casesMinistry of Justice · cases214,9072019 Q3291,1612024 Q2 35.5%+76,254 · 19 periods
Crown Court receiptsMinistry of Justice · cases26,0802019 Q330,3612024 Q2 16.4%+4,281 · 19 periods
Crown Court disposalsMinistry of Justice · cases24,7542019 Q328,1852024 Q2 13.9%+3,431 · 19 periods
Crown Court median days from offence to completionMinistry of Justice · days2522019 Q33342024 Q2 32.5%+82 · 19 periods
Prison population on remandMinistry of Justice · peopleNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Sentenced prison populationMinistry of Justice · peopleNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Foreign national prison populationMinistry of Justice · peopleNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Probation caseloadMinistry of Justice · peopleNo complete period was published before this government took office.
ProsecutionsMinistry of Justice · defendants1,345,708Year ending March 20191,271,059Year ending March 2024 5.5%74,649 · 5 periods
ConvictionsMinistry of Justice · offenders1,197,769Year ending March 20191,135,511Year ending March 2024 5.2%62,258 · 5 periods
Immediate custodial sentencesMinistry of Justice · offenders81,768Year ending March 201973,970Year ending March 2024 9.5%7,798 · 5 periods
Custody rateMinistry of Justice · percent6.8%Year ending March 20196.5%Year ending March 2024 4.4%0.3% · 5 periods
Average custodial sentence length (indictable offences)Ministry of Justice · months21Year ending March 201923Year ending March 2024 9.4%+2 · 5 periods
Proven reoffending rateMinistry of Justice · percent26%2019 Q329.6%2024 Q2 13.7%+3.6% · 19 periods
Adult proven reoffending rateMinistry of Justice · percent25.6%2019 Q329.5%2024 Q2 15.0%+3.8% · 19 periods
Police officers (full-time equivalent)Home Office · officers (FTE)123,189Year ending March 2019147,745Year ending March 2024 19.9%+24,556 · 5 periods
Police officers per 100,000 populationHome Office · officers per 100,000 populationNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Stop and searchesHome Office · searches385,154Year ending March 2019536,217Year ending March 2024 39.2%+151,063 · 5 periods
Stop and search arrest rateHome Office · percent15.3%Year ending March 201914.2%Year ending March 2024 7.5%1.2% · 5 periods

Crime during this government, with charts

Migration

MetricLevel when government took officeLatestChange during government
Net migrationONS · people202,000Year ending September 2019649,000Year ending June 2024 221.3%+447,000 · 19 periods
ImmigrationONS · people793,000Year ending September 20191,299,000Year ending June 2024 63.8%+506,000 · 19 periods
EmigrationONS · people591,000Year ending September 2019650,000Year ending June 2024 10.0%+59,000 · 19 periods
Census 2021 usual residentsONS · peopleNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Census 2011 usual residentsONS · peopleThe last period published before this government took office is too old to serve as a fair starting level.
Asylum claims from unaccompanied childrenHome Office · people9212019 Q31,1552024 Q2 25.4%+234 · 19 periods
Asylum refusals by nationalityHome Office · people3,2942019 Q310,6872024 Q2 224.4%+7,393 · 19 periods
Returns by destination groupHome Office · returns9,0112019 Q313,9592024 Q2 54.9%+4,948 · 19 periods
Work visas grantedHome Office · visas175,8122018613,6272023 249.0%+437,815 · 5 periods
Study visas grantedHome Office · visas354,8782018604,2532023 70.3%+249,375 · 5 periods
Family visas grantedHome Office · visas43,620201880,0832023 83.6%+36,463 · 5 periods
Visitor visas grantedHome Office · visas2,239,63920181,954,9812023 12.7%284,658 · 5 periods
Entry clearance visas granted (all types)Home Office · visas2,901,99520183,387,4522023 16.7%+485,457 · 5 periods
People offered safe and legal (humanitarian) routesHome Office · people11,5182018100,1242023 769.3%+88,606 · 5 periods
Asylum claimsHome Office · people38,483201887,4272023 127.2%+48,944 · 5 periods
Initial decisions on asylum claimsHome Office · people28,969201891,5562023 216.0%+62,587 · 5 periods
Asylum grants at initial decisionHome Office · people10,097201861,4782023 508.9%+51,381 · 5 periods
Asylum grant rate at initial decisionHome Office · percent32.9%201867.2%2023 104.5%+34.4% · 5 periods
Asylum backlogHome Office · people35,8552018128,7862023 259.2%+92,931 · 5 periods
Asylum seekers receiving supportHome Office · people50,4262018111,1322023 120.4%+60,706 · 5 periods
Asylum seekers accommodated in hotelsHome Office · peopleNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Asylum-related returnsHome Office · returns3,97120186,5132023 64.0%+2,542 · 5 periods
Small boat arrivalsHome Office · people299201829,4372023 9,745.2%+29,138 · 5 periods
People entering immigration detentionHome Office · entries24,773201818,3982023 25.7%6,375 · 5 periods
People in immigration detentionHome Office · people1,78420181,7822023 0.1%2 · 5 periods
Enforced returnsHome Office · returns9,23620186,3622023 31.1%2,874 · 5 periods
Voluntary returnsHome Office · returns15,702201820,4752023 30.4%+4,773 · 5 periods
Small boat arrivals (weekly)Home Office · people106Week ending 8 December 2019588Week ending 30 June 2024 454.7%+482 · 238 periods

Migration during this government, with charts

Justice

MetricLevel when government took officeLatestChange during government
Average sentence length of prisoners released from determinate sentencesMinistry of Justice · monthsNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Prison populationMinistry of Justice · peopleNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Prison useable operational capacityMinistry of Justice · placesNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Crown Court open casesMinistry of Justice · cases35,4302019 Q370,7052024 Q2 99.6%+35,275 · 19 periods
Charge rateHome Office · percentNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Homicides (Homicide Index)ONS · offences641Year ending March 2019566Year ending March 2024 11.7%75 · 5 periods

Justice during this government, with charts

Population

MetricLevel when government took officeLatestChange during government
Net internal migration by local authorityONS · peopleNo complete period was published before this government took office.
International migration into a local authorityONS · peopleNo complete period was published before this government took office.
International migration out of a local authorityONS · peopleNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Net international migration by local authorityONS · peopleNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Births by local authorityONS · peopleNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Deaths by local authorityONS · peopleNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Births minus deaths by local authorityONS · peopleNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Other population change by local authorityONS · peopleNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Population by local authorityONS · peopleNo complete period was published before this government took office.
UK populationONS · people66,286,727201868,526,1832023 3.4%+2,239,456 · 5 periods
Great Britain populationONS · people64,400,468201866,605,8012023 3.4%+2,205,333 · 5 periods

Population during this government, with charts

Work

MetricLevel when government took officeLatestChange during government
Census 2021 economic activity by country of birthONS · peopleNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Census 2021 socio-economic classification by country of birthONS · peopleNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Median annual pay, full-time employees, by area of residenceONS · £ a yearNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Median weekly pay, full-time employees, by area of residenceONS · £ a weekNo complete period was published before this government took office.
People claiming unemployment-related benefitsONS · people1,196,765November 20191,640,155June 2024 37.0%+443,390 · 55 periods
Claimants as a proportion of residents aged 16 to 64ONS · percent2.9%November 20193.8%June 2024 31.0%+0.9% · 55 periods
Employment rateONS · percent76%2019 Q374.5%2024 Q2 2.0%1.5% · 19 periods
People in employmentONS · people32,896,0002019 Q333,468,0002024 Q2 1.7%+572,000 · 19 periods
Unemployment rateONS · percent3.9%2019 Q34.2%2024 Q2 7.7%+0.3% · 19 periods
People unemployedONS · people1,325,0002019 Q31,470,0002024 Q2 10.9%+145,000 · 19 periods
Economic inactivity rateONS · percent20.8%2019 Q322.1%2024 Q2 6.3%+1.3% · 19 periods
People economically inactiveONS · people8,666,0002019 Q39,488,0002024 Q2 9.5%+822,000 · 19 periods
Economically inactive because of long-term sicknessONS · people2,062,0002019 Q32,824,0002024 Q2 37.0%+762,000 · 19 periods
Job vacanciesONS · vacancies827,0002019 Q3872,0002024 Q2 5.4%+45,000 · 19 periods
Average weekly payONS · ££5422019 Q3£6912024 Q2 27.5%+£149 · 19 periods
Average weekly pay, real termsONS · ££4712019 Q3£4882024 Q2 3.6%+£17 · 19 periods

Work during this government, with charts

Tax

MetricLevel when government took officeLatestChange during government
Total HMRC receiptsHMRC · £ million£621.2bnYear ending March 2019£828.6bnYear ending March 2024 33.4%+£207.4bn · 5 periods
Income Tax receiptsHMRC · £ million£191bnYear ending March 2019£275.3bnYear ending March 2024 44.1%+£84.2bn · 5 periods
National Insurance receiptsHMRC · £ million£136.9bnYear ending March 2019£179.2bnYear ending March 2024 30.9%+£42.3bn · 5 periods
VAT receiptsHMRC · £ million£132.5bnYear ending March 2019£168.4bnYear ending March 2024 27.0%+£35.8bn · 5 periods
Corporation Tax receiptsHMRC · £ million£54.4bnYear ending March 2019£85.7bnYear ending March 2024 57.5%+£31.3bn · 5 periods
Capital Gains Tax receiptsHMRC · £ million£9.2bnYear ending March 2019£14.5bnYear ending March 2024 57.7%+£5.3bn · 5 periods
Inheritance Tax receiptsHMRC · £ million£5.4bnYear ending March 2019£7.5bnYear ending March 2024 39.9%+£2.1bn · 5 periods
Stamp Duty Land Tax receiptsHMRC · £ million£11.9bnYear ending March 2019£11.6bnYear ending March 2024 2.7%£328m · 5 periods
Fuel duty receiptsHMRC · £ million£28.1bnYear ending March 2019£24.9bnYear ending March 2024 11.5%£3.2bn · 5 periods
Tobacco duty receiptsHMRC · £ million£9.3bnYear ending March 2019£8.8bnYear ending March 2024 5.2%£486m · 5 periods
Central government receiptsONS · £ million£57.6bnNovember 2019£81.1bnJune 2024 40.8%+£23.5bn · 55 periods

Tax during this government, with charts

Public finances

MetricLevel when government took officeLatestChange during government
Borrowing forecasts, per cent of GDPOBR · per cent of GDP2%Year ending March 20194.8%Year ending March 2024 138.7%+2.8% · 5 periods
Borrowing forecasts, £ billionOBR · £ billion£44.3bnYear ending March 2019£134.7bnYear ending March 2024 204.1%+£90.4bn · 5 periods
Debt forecasts, per cent of GDPOBR · per cent of GDP79.6%Year ending March 201994.2%Year ending March 2024 18.3%+14.6% · 5 periods
Spending forecasts, £ billionOBR · £ billion£856bnYear ending March 2019£1.23tnYear ending March 2024 43.8%+£374.7bn · 5 periods
Receipts forecasts, £ billionOBR · £ billion£811.7bnYear ending March 2019£1.1tnYear ending March 2024 35.0%+£284.3bn · 5 periods
GDP growth forecastsOBR · per cent1.6%20180.3%2023 82.5%1.3% · 5 periods
Inflation forecastsOBR · per cent2.5%20187.3%2023 194.7%+4.8% · 5 periods
Unemployment forecastsOBR · per cent4.1%20184%2023 0.9%0% · 5 periods
Employment forecastsOBR · people32,506,750201833,351,0002023 2.6%+844,250 · 5 periods
Earnings growth forecastsOBR · per cent2.6%20186.2%2023 140.1%+3.6% · 5 periods
House price forecastsOBR · per cent3.2%20180.4%2023 88.9%2.9% · 5 periods
Household income forecastsOBR · per cent2%20180.9%2023 55.8%1.1% · 5 periods
Income tax forecastsOBR · £ billion£192.5bnYear ending March 2019£277bnYear ending March 2024 43.9%+£84.5bn · 5 periods
National Insurance forecastsOBR · £ billion£137.5bnYear ending March 2019£179.1bnYear ending March 2024 30.3%+£41.6bn · 5 periods
VAT forecastsOBR · £ billion£133.5bnYear ending March 2019£168.3bnYear ending March 2024 26.1%+£34.8bn · 5 periods
Welfare spending forecastsOBR · £ billion£222.5bnYear ending March 2019£296.4bnYear ending March 2024 33.2%+£73.9bn · 5 periods
Debt interest forecastsOBR · £ billion£50.1bnYear ending March 2019£83.2bnYear ending March 2024 66.0%+£33.1bn · 5 periods
Public sector receipts since 1900, per cent of GDPOBR · per cent of GDP37.1%Year ending March 201939.3%Year ending March 2024 6.0%+2.2% · 5 periods
Public spending since 1900, per cent of GDPOBR · per cent of GDP39.1%Year ending March 201944.1%Year ending March 2024 12.9%+5% · 5 periods
Borrowing since 1900, per cent of GDPOBR · per cent of GDP2%Year ending March 20194.8%Year ending March 2024 139.2%+2.8% · 5 periods
National debt since 1900, per cent of GDPOBR · per cent of GDP79.6%Year ending March 201994.2%Year ending March 2024 18.3%+14.6% · 5 periods
Public sector net borrowingONS · £ million-£5.5bnNovember 2019-£14.6bnJune 2024 168.0%£9.2bn · 55 periods
Public sector net debtONS · £ billion£1.83tnNovember 2019£2.73tnJune 2024 49.4%+£902.8bn · 55 periods
Public sector net debt as a share of GDPONS · percent82.8%November 201994.5%June 2024 14.1%+11.7% · 55 periods
Debt interest paidONS · £ million£2.7bnNovember 2019£11.7bnJune 2024 331.0%+£9bn · 55 periods

Public finances during this government, with charts

Spending

MetricLevel when government took officeLatestChange during government
Central government current expenditureONS · £ million£57.1bnNovember 2019£84.6bnJune 2024 48.2%+£27.5bn · 55 periods
Total managed expenditureHM Treasury · £ billion£857.6bnYear ending March 2019£1.23tnYear ending March 2024 43.3%+£371.4bn · 5 periods
Total managed expenditure, real termsHM Treasury · £ billion, 2024-25 prices£1.08tnYear ending March 2019£1.28tnYear ending March 2024 17.9%+£194.2bn · 5 periods
Total managed expenditure as a share of GDPHM Treasury · percent of GDP39.5%Year ending March 201944.7%Year ending March 2024 13.2%+5.2% · 5 periods
Spending on healthHM Treasury · £ billion£152.9bnYear ending March 2019£222bnYear ending March 2024 45.2%+£69.1bn · 5 periods
Health spending as a share of GDPHM Treasury · percent of GDP7%Year ending March 20198.1%Year ending March 2024 15.7%+1.1% · 5 periods
Spending on educationHM Treasury · £ billion£88.1bnYear ending March 2019£114.2bnYear ending March 2024 29.6%+£26.1bn · 5 periods
Education spending as a share of GDPHM Treasury · percent of GDP4.1%Year ending March 20194.2%Year ending March 2024 2.4%+0.1% · 5 periods
Spending on defenceHM Treasury · £ billion£40.2bnYear ending March 2019£56.8bnYear ending March 2024 41.3%+£16.6bn · 5 periods
Defence spending as a share of GDPHM Treasury · percent of GDP1.9%Year ending March 20192.1%Year ending March 2024 10.5%+0.2% · 5 periods
Spending on public order and safetyHM Treasury · £ billion£32.4bnYear ending March 2019£48.7bnYear ending March 2024 50.3%+£16.3bn · 5 periods
Spending on social protectionHM Treasury · £ billion£274.8bnYear ending March 2019£364.7bnYear ending March 2024 32.7%+£89.9bn · 5 periods
Social protection spending as a share of GDPHM Treasury · percent of GDP12.6%Year ending March 201913.3%Year ending March 2024 5.6%+0.7% · 5 periods
Spending on public sector debt interestHM Treasury · £ billion£56.3bnYear ending March 2019£126.6bnYear ending March 2024 124.9%+£70.3bn · 5 periods
Debt interest as a share of GDPHM Treasury · percent of GDP2.6%Year ending March 20194.6%Year ending March 2024 76.9%+2% · 5 periods
Spending on transportHM Treasury · £ billion£32.7bnYear ending March 2019£48.4bnYear ending March 2024 48.0%+£15.7bn · 5 periods
Spending on housing and community amenitiesHM Treasury · £ billion£12.1bnYear ending March 2019£20.8bnYear ending March 2024 71.9%+£8.7bn · 5 periods
Spending on economic affairsHM Treasury · £ billion£60.8bnYear ending March 2019£94.5bnYear ending March 2024 55.4%+£33.7bn · 5 periods
Spending on environment protectionHM Treasury · £ billion£11.1bnYear ending March 2019£16bnYear ending March 2024 44.1%+£4.9bn · 5 periods
Spending on general public servicesHM Treasury · £ billion£80.9bnYear ending March 2019£163.1bnYear ending March 2024 101.6%+£82.2bn · 5 periods
Spending on health, real termsHM Treasury · £ billion, 2024-25 prices£193.4bnYear ending March 2019£231bnYear ending March 2024 19.4%+£37.6bn · 5 periods
Spending on education, real termsHM Treasury · £ billion, 2024-25 prices£111.4bnYear ending March 2019£118.8bnYear ending March 2024 6.6%+£7.4bn · 5 periods
Spending on defence, real termsHM Treasury · £ billion, 2024-25 prices£50.9bnYear ending March 2019£59.1bnYear ending March 2024 16.1%+£8.2bn · 5 periods
Spending on public order and safety, real termsHM Treasury · £ billion, 2024-25 prices£41bnYear ending March 2019£50.7bnYear ending March 2024 23.7%+£9.7bn · 5 periods
Spending on social protection, real termsHM Treasury · £ billion, 2024-25 prices£347.6bnYear ending March 2019£379.5bnYear ending March 2024 9.2%+£31.9bn · 5 periods
Public sector debt interest, real termsHM Treasury · £ billion, 2024-25 prices£71.2bnYear ending March 2019£131.7bnYear ending March 2024 85.0%+£60.5bn · 5 periods
Spending on transport, real termsHM Treasury · £ billion, 2024-25 prices£41.4bnYear ending March 2019£50.3bnYear ending March 2024 21.5%+£8.9bn · 5 periods
Spending on housing and community amenities, real termsHM Treasury · £ billion, 2024-25 prices£15.4bnYear ending March 2019£21.7bnYear ending March 2024 40.9%+£6.3bn · 5 periods
Public order spending as a share of GDPHM Treasury · per cent of GDP1.5%Year ending March 20191.8%Year ending March 2024 20.0%+0.3% · 5 periods
Transport spending as a share of GDPHM Treasury · per cent of GDP1.5%Year ending March 20191.8%Year ending March 2024 20.0%+0.3% · 5 periods
Housing spending as a share of GDPHM Treasury · per cent of GDP0.6%Year ending March 20190.8%Year ending March 2024 33.3%+0.2% · 5 periods
Spending on police servicesHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on law courtsHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on prisonsHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on fire protectionHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on pensionsHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on old ageHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on sickness and disabilityHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on family and childrenHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on unemploymentHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on international developmentHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on government administrationHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on housing developmentHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on railwaysHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on medical servicesHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on General servicesHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on R&D general public servicesHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on General public services n.e.c.HM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Public debt transactionsHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on central government debt interestHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on local government debt interestHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on public corporation debt interestHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on bank of EnglandHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on public sector pensionsHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Military defenceHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Civil defenceHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Foreign military aidHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on R&D defenceHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Defence n.e.c.HM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on immigration and citizenshipHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on other police servicesHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on R&D public order and safetyHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Public order and safety n.e.c.HM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on General economic, commercial and labour affairsHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Agriculture, forestry, fishing and huntingHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on market supportHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on other agriculture, food and fisheries policyHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on forestryHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Fuel and energyHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Mining, manufacturing and constructionHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Transport (sub-function)HM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on national roadsHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on local roadsHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on local public transportHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on other transportHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on CommunicationHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Other industriesHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on R&D economic affairsHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Economic affairs n.e.c.HM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Waste managementHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Pollution abatementHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Protection of biodiversity and landscapeHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on R&D environment protectionHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Environment protection n.e.c.HM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on local authority housingHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on other social housingHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Community developmentHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Water supplyHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Street lightingHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on R&D housing and community amenitiesHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Housing and community amenities n.e.c.HM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on medical researchHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on central and other health servicesHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Recreational and sporting servicesHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Cultural servicesHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Broadcasting and publishing servicesHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Religious and other community servicesHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on R&D recreation, culture and religionHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Recreation, culture and religion n.e.c.HM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Pre-primary and primary educationHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on under fivesHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on primary educationHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Secondary educationHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Post-secondary non-tertiary educationHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Tertiary educationHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Education not definable by levelHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Subsidiary services to educationHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on R&D educationHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Education n.e.c.HM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on incapacity, disability and injury benefitsHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on SurvivorsHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Family and childrenHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on family benefits, income support and tax creditsHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on other unemployment benefitsHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Housing (sub-function)HM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Social exclusion n.e.c.HM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on family benefits, income support, Universal Credit and tax creditsHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on Social protection n.e.c.HM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Public sector expenditure on servicesHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Accounting adjustmentsHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Spending on recreation, culture and religionHM Treasury · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.

Spending during this government, with charts

Benefits

MetricLevel when government took officeLatestChange during government
Total benefit expenditureDWP · £ million£183.8bnYear ending March 2019£267.9bnYear ending March 2024 45.7%+£84bn · 5 periods
Total benefit expenditure, real termsDWP · £ million£245.7bnYear ending March 2019£293.5bnYear ending March 2024 19.4%+£47.8bn · 5 periods
Benefit expenditure on pensionersDWP · £ million£121.6bnYear ending March 2019£155.2bnYear ending March 2024 27.6%+£33.6bn · 5 periods
Benefit expenditure on working-age peopleDWP · £ million£60.1bnYear ending March 2019£108.9bnYear ending March 2024 81.2%+£48.8bn · 5 periods
Universal Credit and equivalents, expenditureDWP · £ millionNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Universal Credit caseloadDWP · householdsNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Disability benefits expenditureDWP · £ million£24.6bnYear ending March 2019£35.5bnYear ending March 2024 44.5%+£10.9bn · 5 periods
Disability benefits caseloadDWP · people5,278,000Year ending March 20195,958,000Year ending March 2024 12.9%+680,000 · 5 periods
State Pension expenditureDWP · £ million£96.7bnYear ending March 2019£124.1bnYear ending March 2024 28.3%+£27.4bn · 5 periods
State Pension caseloadDWP · people12,724,000Year ending March 201912,776,000Year ending March 2024 0.4%+52,000 · 5 periods
Pension Credit expenditureDWP · £ million£5.1bnYear ending March 2019£5.5bnYear ending March 2024 6.4%+£327.3m · 5 periods
Carer's Allowance expenditureDWP · £ million£2.9bnYear ending March 2019£3.7bnYear ending March 2024 29.6%+£852.8m · 5 periods
Carer's Allowance caseloadDWP · people1,219,000Year ending March 20191,258,000Year ending March 2024 3.2%+39,000 · 5 periods
Housing support expenditureDWP · £ million£20.7bnYear ending March 2019£32.2bnYear ending March 2024 55.3%+£11.5bn · 5 periods
Housing support caseloadDWP · households3,984,000Year ending March 20192,351,000Year ending March 2024 41.0%1,633,000 · 5 periods
Incapacity benefits expenditureDWP · £ million£16.3bnYear ending March 2019£25.4bnYear ending March 2024 55.4%+£9bn · 5 periods
Incapacity benefits caseloadDWP · people2,227,000Year ending March 20193,291,000Year ending March 2024 47.8%+1,064,000 · 5 periods
Net social benefits paidONS · £ million£17.9bnNovember 2019£25.6bnJune 2024 42.9%+£7.7bn · 55 periods

Benefits during this government, with charts

Housing

MetricLevel when government took officeLatestChange during government
Census 2021 tenure by country of birthONS · householdsNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Census 2021 tenure by ethnic groupONS · householdsNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Average private rent a monthONS · £ a month£1,016November 2019£1,260June 2024 24.0%+£244 · 55 periods
Private rent annual changeONS · percent2.1%November 20198.6%June 2024 300.7%+6.4% · 55 periods
Average house priceHM Land Registry · ££213,801November 2019£259,585June 2024 21.4%+£45,784 · 55 periods
House price annual changeHM Land Registry · percent0.8%November 20190.5%June 2024 37.5%0.3% · 55 periods
New social housing lettingsMHCLG · lettings313,928Year ending March 2019260,479Year ending March 2024 17.0%53,449 · 5 periods

Housing during this government, with charts

Health

MetricLevel when government took officeLatestChange during government
NHS waiting list (incomplete treatment pathways)NHS England · incomplete pathways4,563,805November 20197,621,297June 2024 67.0%+3,057,492 · 55 periods
NHS waiting list within 18 weeksNHS England · % of incomplete pathways84.1%November 201958.9%June 2024 30.0%25.2% · 55 periods
NHS waits of more than a yearNHS England · incomplete pathways1,630November 2019302,693June 2024 18,470.1%+301,063 · 55 periods
A&E attendancesNHS England · attendances2,143,505November 20192,294,065June 2024 7.0%+150,560 · 55 periods
Emergency admissionsNHS England · admissions559,556November 2019536,884June 2024 4.1%22,672 · 55 periods
A&E four-hour standardNHS England · % of attendances81.4%November 201974.6%June 2024 8.4%6.9% · 55 periods
Twelve-hour trolley waitsNHS England · patients1,111November 201938,106June 2024 3,329.9%+36,995 · 55 periods

Health during this government, with charts

Education

MetricLevel when government took officeLatestChange during government
Census 2021 highest qualification by country of birthONS · peopleNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Persistent absenceDepartment for Education · percent10.9%2018/19 academic year21.2%2022/23 academic year 95.3%+10.4% · 3 periods
Severe absenceDepartment for Education · percent0.8%2018/19 academic year2%2022/23 academic year 139.6%+1.2% · 3 periods
Pupils persistently absentDepartment for Education · pupils771,8632018/19 academic year1,569,3032022/23 academic year 103.3%+797,440 · 3 periods
Pupils with an education, health and care planDepartment for Education · pupils271,1652018/19 academic year389,1712022/23 academic year 43.5%+118,006 · 4 periods
Pupils with an EHC plan, shareDepartment for Education · percent3.1%2018/19 academic year4.3%2022/23 academic year 39.5%+1.2% · 4 periods
Pupils on SEN support, shareDepartment for Education · percent11.9%2018/19 academic year13%2022/23 academic year 9.8%+1.2% · 4 periods
Average Attainment 8 scoreDepartment for Education · points46.72018/19 academic year46.32022/23 academic year 0.9%0.4 · 4 periods
Apprenticeship startsDepartment for Education · starts393,3802018/19 academic year337,1402022/23 academic year 14.3%56,240 · 4 periods
Apprenticeship achievementsDepartment for Education · achievements185,1502018/19 academic year162,3202022/23 academic year 12.3%22,830 · 4 periods
Young people not in education, employment or trainingDepartment for Education · percent11.3%201812.1%2023 7.1%+0.8% · 5 periods
Young people NEET, numberDepartment for Education · people650,7652018733,3302023 12.7%+82,566 · 5 periods
Average primary class sizeDepartment for Education · pupils27.12018/19 academic year26.72022/23 academic year 1.5%0.4 · 4 periods
Average secondary class sizeDepartment for Education · pupils21.72018/19 academic year22.42022/23 academic year 3.2%+0.7 · 4 periods

Education during this government, with charts

Energy

MetricLevel when government took officeLatestChange during government
Mean domestic gas consumption per meterDESNZ · kWh a yearNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Mean domestic electricity consumption per meterDESNZ · kWh a yearNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Average annual electricity billDESNZ · £ a year£6102018£1,2132023 99.0%+£604 · 5 periods
Average annual gas billDESNZ · £ a year£5042018£1,0942023 117.2%+£591 · 5 periods
Petrol pump priceDESNZ · pence a litre124.8pWeek beginning 2 December 2019144.4pWeek beginning 24 June 2024 15.7%+19.6p · 238 periods
Diesel pump priceDESNZ · pence a litre129.8pWeek beginning 2 December 2019150.1pWeek beginning 24 June 2024 15.7%+20.3p · 238 periods

Energy during this government, with charts

Transport

MetricLevel when government took officeLatestChange during government
Licensed carsDepartment for Transport · cars32,973,2062019 Q333,935,9372024 Q2 2.9%+962,731 · 19 periods
Licensed vehiclesDepartment for Transport · vehicles40,093,4592019 Q341,745,5812024 Q2 4.1%+1,652,122 · 19 periods
Road deathsDepartment for Transport · deaths1,78420181,6242023 9.0%160 · 5 periods
Road casualties of all severitiesDepartment for Transport · casualties160,5972018132,9772023 17.2%27,620 · 5 periods

Transport during this government, with charts

Local government

MetricLevel when government took officeLatestChange during government
Band D council tax in ScotlandScottish Government · £ a year£1,208Year ending March 2019£1,417Year ending March 2024 17.3%+£209 · 5 periods
Band D council tax by billing authorityMHCLG · £ a yearNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Average Band D council taxMHCLG · £ a year£1,671Year ending March 2019£2,065Year ending March 2024 23.5%+£394 · 5 periods
Change in average Band D council taxMHCLG · percent5.1%Year ending March 20195.1%Year ending March 2024 0.0%0% · 5 periods

Local government during this government, with charts

Economy

MetricLevel when government took officeLatestChange during government
Consumer Prices Index: food and non-alcoholic beverages (division 01)ONS · index103.7November 2019135.5June 2024 30.7%+31.8 · 55 periods
Consumer Prices Index: alcoholic beverages, tobacco and narcotics (division 02)ONS · index114.7November 2019147June 2024 28.2%+32.3 · 55 periods
Consumer Prices Index: clothing and footwear (division 03)ONS · index106November 2019118.8June 2024 12.1%+12.8 · 55 periods
Consumer Prices Index: housing, water, electricity, gas and other fuels (division 04)ONS · index106.2November 2019137.6June 2024 29.6%+31.4 · 55 periods
Consumer Prices Index: furniture, household equipment and routine maintenance (division 05)ONS · index105.5November 2019125.8June 2024 19.2%+20.3 · 55 periods
Consumer Prices Index: health (division 06)ONS · index111November 2019133.9June 2024 20.6%+22.9 · 55 periods
Consumer Prices Index: transport (division 07)ONS · index111.4November 2019135.7June 2024 21.8%+24.3 · 55 periods
Consumer Prices Index: communication (division 08)ONS · index111November 2019135.7June 2024 22.3%+24.7 · 55 periods
Consumer Prices Index: recreation and culture (division 09)ONS · index108.6November 2019129.9June 2024 19.6%+21.3 · 55 periods
Consumer Prices Index: education (division 10)ONS · index117.5November 2019135.2June 2024 15.1%+17.7 · 55 periods
Consumer Prices Index: restaurants and hotels (division 11)ONS · index112.3November 2019146.5June 2024 30.5%+34.2 · 55 periods
Consumer Prices Index: miscellaneous goods and services (division 12)ONS · index104.7November 2019119.9June 2024 14.5%+15.2 · 55 periods
Total household spending a weekONS · £ a weekNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Household spending a week, consumption groups 1 to 12ONS · £ a weekNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Food and non-alcoholic drinks a weekONS · £ a weekNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Alcoholic drinks, tobacco and narcotics a weekONS · £ a weekNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Clothing and footwear a weekONS · £ a weekNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Housing (net), fuel and power a weekONS · £ a weekNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Household goods and services a weekONS · £ a weekNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Health a weekONS · £ a weekNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Transport a weekONS · £ a weekNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Communication a weekONS · £ a weekNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Recreation and culture a weekONS · £ a weekNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Education a weekONS · £ a weekNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Restaurants and hotels a weekONS · £ a weekNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Miscellaneous goods and services a weekONS · £ a weekNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Other expenditure items a weekONS · £ a weekNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Gross household income: lower boundary of each decile groupONS · £ a weekNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Gross household income: mean of each decile groupONS · £ a weekNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Gross household income: median of each decile groupONS · £ a weekNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Deprivation: IMD average scoreMHCLG · scoreNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Deprivation: share of small areas in England's most deprived tenthMHCLG · % of the district's LSOAsNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Income deprivation rateMHCLG · % of residentsNo complete period was published before this government took office.
Employment deprivation rateMHCLG · % of working-age residentsNo complete period was published before this government took office.
CPIH inflation rateONS · percent1.5%November 20192.8%June 2024 86.7%+1.3% · 55 periods
CPI inflation rateONS · percent1.5%November 20192%June 2024 33.3%+0.5% · 55 periods
RPI inflation rateONS · percent2.2%November 20192.9%June 2024 31.8%+0.7% · 55 periods
Consumer Prices IndexONS · index108.5November 2019134.1June 2024 23.6%+25.6 · 55 periods
Gross domestic product, real termsONS · £ million£670.5bn2019 Q3£694.9bn2024 Q2 3.6%+£24.4bn · 19 periods
GDP per head, real termsONS · ££10,0602019 Q3£10,0342024 Q2 0.3%£26 · 19 periods
Real household disposable incomeONS · £ million£436.9bn2019 Q3£447.2bn2024 Q2 2.4%+£10.4bn · 19 periods

Economy during this government, with charts

Prime ministers

13 December 2019
Boris Johnson
6 September 2022
Liz Truss
25 October 2022
Rishi Sunak

Method: how these comparisons are built. Compare every government on one metric: net migration, recorded crime.